![]() In fact, if one considers the tall building as a large cantilever beam fixed at the base (where the height of the building is equivalent to the length of the beam), moving the resistant parts from the neutral axis, outwards, is comparable to increase the wing area of a beam, with a consequent increase of the moment of inertia. From an engineering point of view, a perimeter system involves greater stiffness and resistance to vertical and lateral loads. The elimination of intermediate supports, indeed, positively contributes to the definition of large spaces, without intermediate supports, with great benefits on the flexibility of architectural planning. The introduction of tubular systems offers the possibility of achieving high efficiency and architectural potential. ![]() These structures are based on the concept of a continuous perforated tube along the height of the building, obtained by moving the structural members toward the perimeter to increase the moment of inertia of the building, and as a consequence its strength and stiffness. Following this line of reasoning, Khan (1969) suggested the adoption of the so-called exterior tubular structures: perimeter load-resisting systems, able to provide a great contribution in terms of global structural efficiency. As a matter of fact, the tallness of the building causes greater vulnerability to wind forces. In the design of tall buildings, the outer skin assumes a more significant role than any other type of building. Traditional structural systems have been progressively abandoned in favor of more efficient structures that allow new “design challenges,” such as the search for increasing heights. The modern tendency toward lightweight and best performing designs has led, in recent years, to innovative structural systems for skyscrapers, able to integrate aesthetic and engineering aspects. In the last few decades, tall buildings have become a world architectural phenomenon. The potential applications of Voronoi tessellation for tall buildings is demonstrated for both regions with high wind load conditions and areas of high seismicity. In addition to the wind loading scenario, the efficiency of the building model with varying density Voronoi pattern, is tested for seismic ground motion through a response spectrum analysis. The results obtained for all the models generated are compared and discussed to outline a final evaluation of the Voronoi structures. Displacement based optimizations are carried out to assess the adequate member cross sections that provide the maximum contribution in restraining deflection with the minimum material weight. In addition, the paper focuses on the mechanical response of a pattern with gradual rarefying density to evaluate its applicability to tall buildings. To this end, five case studies, accounting for different levels of irregularity and relative density, are generated and analyzed through static and modal analysis in the elastic field. Moreover, since the mechanical response of the building strongly depends on the parameters of the microstructure, the paper focuses on the influence of the grid arrangement on the global lateral stiffness, therefore on the displacement constraint, which is an essential requirement in the design of tall buildings. To appreciate the consistency of preliminary design equations, numerical and analytical results are compared. ![]() In particular, the study concentrates on the periodic and non-periodic Voronoi tessellation, describing the procedure for generating irregular patterns through parametric modeling and illustrates the homogenization-based approach proposed in the literature for dealing with unconventional patterns. The paper is mainly focused on the application of this nature-inspired typology to load-resisting systems for tall buildings, investigating the potential of non-regular grids on the global mechanical response of the structure. It is an irregular biomimetic pattern based on the Voronoi diagram, which derives from the direct observation of natural structures. In the context of innovative patterns for tall buildings, Voronoi tessellation is certainly worthy of interest.
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