![]() Beck posited that there are several cognitive layers implicated in the onset and maintenance of depression. Beck’s seminal cognitive theory was first to formalize hypotheses regarding the role of cognitions in depression. Negative self-referent cognitions have long been theorized to be central to the experience of depression. Depression is a heterogenous disorder, and several combinations of these symptoms could be placed under the same diagnostic umbrella of depression. – have persisted for two or more weeks and have caused significant distress or impairment. According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5, ), major depression is a condition wherein symptoms – low-mood, lack of pleasure in otherwise enjoyable activities, disruptions in sleep and appetite, low energy, poor concentration, suicidal thoughts, and feelings of worthlessness and guilt, etc. In the following, we (a) briefly review the literature on the cognitive model of depression, the centrality of cognitions to cognitive therapy for the disorder, and on emotion regulation strategies and their use and consequences across cultures, and (b) present an empirical study examining whether predictions of the cognitive model hold cross-continentally.ĭepression is a multifaceted condition, typified by behavioral, affective, cognitive, and somatic symptoms. Accordingly, the present study examined the validity of central hypotheses related to the cognitive model of depression among people living on four continents: Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. The theoretical underpinnings of treatments such as CBT have seldom been examined among people living in non-Western nations, or among people of non-European decent. ![]() Fortunately, there are many efficacious treatments for depression, including cognitive-behavioral therapy. ![]() Latest estimates from the World Health Organization place depression as the world’s leading cause of disability. Depression is a highly prevalent and disabling mental health condition. ![]()
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